This study explores the connection between community sport participation and the mental well-being of women of reproductive age in China, utilizing a quantitative research approach. Women in this demographic often face overlapping challenges from work, family, and societal pressures, which heighten their vulnerability to psychological distress. As a result, community-based health strategies are gaining attention as potential preventive measures. Using nationally representative survey data, the study investigates how participation in sports correlates with reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as increased life satisfaction. The study applies multivariate regression and mediation analyses to evaluate both direct and indirect pathways linking sport participation to mental well-being. The findings support a positive association between community sports engagement and improved mental health, even after accounting for socioeconomic, health, and environmental factors. This relationship is partly explained by benefits such as enhanced social interactions and higher levels of physical activity, emphasizing the combined psychosocial and physical advantages of community sport participation. These results indicate that community sports can serve as a practical and scalable tool for promoting mental well-being. The study contributes valuable gender-focused insights to existing literature and provides actionable recommendations for advancing China's preventive health policies and national fitness programs.